Solar Cells Info

By Wong Siew Ying, Channel NewsAsia, 07 November 2007
Source: Channel NewsAsia
http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporelocalnews/view/310174/1/.html

SINGAPORE : Singapore will construct its first zero-energy building (ZEB) at Braddell Road to promote green technology.  S$10 million will be spent to retrofit an existing facility to incorporate some of the latest energy-efficient inventions.  It’s being hailed as the Building and Construction Authority’s (BCA) flagship R&D project under its Green Building Masterplan. The building is able to generate as much electricity as it consumes through renewable energy. This works out to a net energy consumption of zero over a typical year. The BCA said the 3,000-sq metre building is expected to be 60 percent more energy efficient than conventional buildings.

BCA added that most of the zero-energy buildings in the world are built from scratch, but the one to be constructed at the BCA Academy will be the first in the region to be retrofitted from an existing building built in 1994. The number of solar panels to be installed around the facility will also be the largest in Southeast Asia. The solar cells called photovoltaic cells on the roof and facade of the building will convert light into enough electricity in a day to power 32 five-room flats. This will be used to power artificial lights, office equipment and air-conditioning.

The solar panels which constitute about 15% of the building cost will be funded by the Economic Development Board (EDB).  Because 60 percent of utility bills usually goes into air-conditioning, the BCA is working with the National University of Singapore (NUS) to develop ventilation strategies to lower energy consumption.

A new local invention – a Single Coil Twin Fan ventilation system – will help regulate the flow of fresh and recycled air, according to demand, throughout the building. Fresh air, which requires more energy to chill compared to recycled air, will only be channelled to rooms that are occupied.

Another innovation that will be tried is the Personalised Ventilation system.  Sensors will detect the presence of users and it will direct fresh air to their breathing zones. Recycled air will be used for ambient cooling.  For rooms that are not air-conditioned, solar chimneys will be built to draw warm air from within. The convection of air will pull cooler air from ducts and will improve natural ventilation by 11 times the rate of air replacement.

All in, these technologies will help to cut operating cost.  “There are two main components. One is the savings from energy efficiency gains and we are expecting a savings of $48,000 per annum. As for the energy from the solar panels, at current tariffs, we are talking about $36,000 per year,” said Ang Kian Seng, Deputy Director, Research & Innovation Department, BCA

BCA expects to put up the various projects for open tender in the first quarter of next year.  Experts said the cost of constructing a zero-energy building will be 10 percent more than a typical office building. And it could take up to 12 years to recover the additional cost.

Associate Professor Lee Siew Eang from the Department of Building at NUS said: “It’s always a risk for the developer to look into the use of very new technology which are energy efficient. We need to have a facility like this where we can test bed such technology.  “Once the risks and problems are resolved and demonstrated to be working over a period of time, developers would be happy and much more likely to undertake such kind of venture.”

Construction of the energy-efficient building is expected to be completed in 2009.  Apart from hardware, BCA also wants to ramp up efforts in industry training.

It has already started courses for Green Mark Managers and Professionals and will roll out a new three-year diploma programme in Mechanical Engineering that’s geared towards Green Building Technology next July. Also to be introduced is the National Building Qualification – a new certificate level framework which allows working adults to upgrade their skills